According to Brazilian media reports, the National Meteorological Institute of Brazil (INMET) issued a warning on July 31, forecasting continued dryness in central Brazil with low relative humidity. Moreover, the last rainfall in central Brazil occurred in mid-to-late April this year. Although June to October is the dry season each year, this year's dry season in central Brazil is drier than usual and hotter than in previous years.

The government of Acre state in Brazil announced on the 30th that, because drought has affected the entire Amazon region (Amazonia), causing water shortages, triggering fires and land subsidence, the state has entered a 180-day state of emergency.According to a statement from the Acre state government, since June the state's river levels have dropped sharply. Although there has been rain, rainfall has been insufficient, and rainfall shows signs of continuing to decline.

Meanwhile, the neighboring state of Amazonas earlier reported that 20 cities had entered a state of emergency due to drought, and this year's drought conditions will exceed the level of the same period last year. At the same time, due to frequent fires in the southern part of the state and the Manaus metropolitan area, the state recorded 783 fires in a single day, setting a historical record, so most cities in the state have also entered a 180-day environmental state of emergency.

In addition, because the dry season will last until October, water levels are currently falling in Brazil's major rivers as well. Experts point out that by October, the water levels of the Solimoes River (rio Solimoes), the Amazon River (Amazon), the Negro River (rio Negro) and the Madeira River (rio Madeira) will reach "the most critical" levels. The government fears that last year's historic drought will repeat this year, which would have a serious impact on many industries in Brazil.

The National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (Cemaden), which is responsible for monitoring drought conditions nationwide, classifies urban drought severity into four categories, from most to least severe: extreme, severe, moderate and weak. At present, more than 3,000 cities in Brazil are in one of these four drought states, and of these, 1,024 cities are in extreme or severe drought. The most severely affected states include Amazonas, Acre, Espirito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul and Sao Paulo, where all cities have experienced drought problems.

In June, Sao Paulo state experienced its worst fires in the past 10 years, while air humidity dropped. In Espirito Santo state, drought caused reservoir levels to fall, and the state is on alert. In addition, poor harvests of coffee and other agricultural products in the state caused some farmers to suffer losses of millions of reais.

Moreover, the situation in Rio de Janeiro state (Rio de Janeiro) and Minas Gerais state (Minas Gerais) is also far from optimistic, with more than 90% of cities in a state of drought. Furthermore, soil moisture in Minas Gerais is approaching extremely low levels, with an average below 50%, and in southern Minas Gerais in particular, soil water storage is even below 42.6%. Because drought affects the supply of goods, 20% of cities in Minas Gerais have entered a state of emergency.

According to Cooxupe, Brazil's largest coffee cooperative, recent weather conditions have not been favorable for coffee growth, and many places have now gone more than 3 months without rain, and according to meteorological reports, rainfall in August will still be 0.

As for the current drought situation, local coffee farmers say they can only watch whether rain arrives as scheduled when the dry season ends in September-October, which would benefit the crop. But at the same time, the upcoming La Nina weather may once again affect Brazil's weather and ultimately seriously damage Brazil's coffee production in the next crop season.

Because of the drought reported in Brazil recently, production falling short of expectations, and a shortage of coffee stocks in Vietnam, coffee prices remain high, and a number of European and American coffee makers have announced increases in the prices of their coffee products. At present, conditions in many countries have not improved, and the market believes prices will remain high for a long time.